Everything about Mobile Alabama totally explained
Mobile is the third most populous city in the
Southern U.S. state of
Alabama and is the
county seat of
Mobile County. It is located on the central
Gulf Coast of the United States. The population within the city limits was 198,915 as of the 2000 census. Mobile is the principal municipality of the Mobile
Metropolitan Statistical Area, a region of 399,843 residents which is composed solely of Mobile County and is the second largest MSA in the state.
The earliest origins of Mobile began with a
Muskhogean Native American people in the fortified
Mississippian town of Mauvila, also spelled Maubila, which
Hernando de Soto's
Spanish expedition destroyed in 1540. This earlier town is believed to have been further north than is the current city, but the later
Mobilian tribe that the French colonists found in the area of
Mobile Bay is theorized by scholars to have been descended from this earlier group of people.
Located at the junction of the
Mobile River and Mobile Bay on the northern
Gulf of Mexico, the city is the only seaport in Alabama. The
Port of Mobile has always played a key role in the economic health of the city beginning with the city as a key trading center between the French and Native Americans down to its current role as the 10th largest port in the United States.
As one of the Gulf Coast's cultural centers, Mobile houses several art museums, a symphony
orchestra, a professional
opera, a professional
ballet company, and a large concentration of historic
architecture. Mobile is known for having the oldest organized
Carnival celebrations in the United States, dating to its early colonial period. It was also host to the first formally organized Carnival
mystic society or
krewe in the United States, dating to 1830. People from Mobile are known as Mobilians. The parish was the first established on the
Gulf Coast of the United States. Though most of the "
Pélican girls" recovered, a large number of the existing colonists and the neighboring Native Americans died from the illness. A new earth and palisade
Fort Louis was constructed at the new site during this time. By 1712, when
Antoine Crozat took over administration of the colony by royal appointment, the colony boasted a population of 400 persons. The capital of
Louisiana was moved to
Biloxi in 1720,
In 1763, the
Treaty of Paris was signed, ending the
French and Indian War. The treaty
ceded Mobile and the surrounding territory to the
Kingdom of Great Britain, and it was made a part of the expanded British
West Florida colony. The British changed the name of Fort Condé to Fort Charlotte, after
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz,
King George III's queen. The British were eager not to lose any useful inhabitants and promised religious tolerance to the French colonists, ultimately 112 French Mobilians remained in the colony. In 1766 the population was estimated to be 860, though the town's borders were smaller than they'd been during the French colonial efforts.
The Spanish captured Mobile during the
Battle of Fort Charlotte in 1780. They wished to eliminate any British threat to their Louisiana colony, which they'd received from France in 1763s Treaty of Paris.
19th century
When Mobile was made a part of the
Mississippi Territory in 1813, the population had dwindled to roughly 300 people. The city was included in the
Alabama Territory in 1817, after
Mississippi gained statehood. Alabama was granted statehood in 1819 and Mobile's population had increased to 809 by that time. The waterfront was developed with wharves, terminal facilities, and fire-proof brick warehouses. By 1860 Mobile's population within the city limits had reached 29,258 people, it was the 27th largest city in the United States and 4th largest in what would soon be the
Confederate States of America. The population in the whole of Mobile County, including the city, consisted of 29,754 free citizens, of which 1195 were African American. Additionally, there were 1785 slave owners, holding 11,376 slaves, for a total county population of 41,130 people. One of the most famous
naval engagements of the
war was the
Battle of Mobile Bay, resulting in the
Union taking possession of
Mobile Bay on 5 August 1864. On 12 April 1865, 3 days after the surrender of
Robert E. Lee at
Appomattox Courthouse, the city of Mobile surrendered to the
Union army to avoid destruction following the Union victories at the
Battle of Spanish Fort and the
Battle of Fort Blakely.
Federal
Reconstruction in Mobile began after the Civil War and effectively ended in 1874 when the local
Democrats gained control of the city government. The last quarter of the 19th century was a time of economic depression and municipal insolvency for Mobile. One example can be provided by the value of Mobile's exports during this period of depression. The value of exports leaving the city fell from $9 million in 1878 to $3 million in 1882.
20th century
The turn of the century brought the
Progressive Era to Mobile and saw Mobile's economic structure evolve along with a significant increase in population. The population increased from around 40,000 in 1900 to 60,000 by 1920. Between 1940 and 1943, more than 89,000 people moved into Mobile to work for war effort industries. The court ordered that the three students be admitted to Murphy for the 1964 school year, leading to the desegregation of Mobile County's school system. This effort would see the building of numerous new facilities and projects around the city and the restoration of hundreds of other historic downtown buildings and homes. The effort continues into the present with new city government leadership.
Geography and climate
Geography
Mobile is located at 30°40'46" North, 88°6'12" West (30.679523, -88.103280), in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Alabama. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 412.9
km² (159.4
mi²). 305.4 km² (117.9 mi²) of it's land and 107.6 km² (41.5 mi²) of it's water. The elevation in Mobile ranges from on Water Street in downtown
Climate
Mobile's geographical location on the
Gulf of Mexico provides a mild
subtropical climate, with an average annual temperature of . Normal average January through December temperatures range from minimum and maximum. Mobile has hot, humid summers and mild, rainy winters. A 2007 study by
WeatherBill, Inc. determined that Mobile is the wettest city in the contiguous 48 states, with of average annual rainfall. Mobile averages 59 rainy days per year.
Being on the Gulf, Mobile is occasionally affected by major
tropical storms and
hurricanes. Mobile suffered a major natural disaster on the night of 12 September 1979 when
Category 3 Hurricane Frederic passed over the heart of the city. The storm caused tremendous damage to Mobile and the surrounding area. Mobile received moderate damage from
Hurricane Ivan on 16 September 2004. Mobile also received moderate damage from
Hurricane Katrina on 29 August 2005. A storm surge of damaged eastern sections of Mobile and caused extensive flooding in downtown.
Culture
Mobile is home to an array of cultural influences with its French, British, Spanish, African, Creole and Catholic heritage distinguishing it from all other cities in the state of Alabama. The annual
Carnival celebration is perhaps the best illustration of this. Carnival in Mobile has evolved over the course of 300 years from a sedate French Catholic tradition into a mainstream multi-week celebration across the spectrum of cultures.
Carnival and Mardi Gras
balls, with the
parades usually beginning after January 5. Carnival celebrations end promptly at the stroke of midnight on
Mardi Gras, signaling the beginning of
Ash Wednesday and the first day of
Lent. Mardi Gras, though literally meaning
Fat Tuesday and thus the last day of the Carnival season, is normally used locally to refer to the entire Carnival season. During this time Mobile's
mystic societies build colorful Carnival floats and parade throughout downtown with masked society members tossing small gifts, known as
throws, to the parade spectators. Mobile's mystic societies also give formal
masquerade balls, which are almost always invitation only and are oriented to adults. Mobile's
Cowbellion de Rakin Society was the first formally organized and masked mystic society in the United States to celebrate with a parade in 1830. The year 2002 saw Mobile's
Tricentennial celebrated with parades that represented all of Mobile's mystic societies. The University of South Alabama Archives houses primary source material relating to the history of Mobile and southern Alabama as well as the university's history. The archives are located on the ground floor of the USA Spring Hill Campus and are open to the general public. The Mobile Municipal Archives contains the extant records of the City of Mobile, dating from the city's creation as a municipality by the Mississippi Territory in 1814. The majority of the original records of Mobile's colonial history (1702-1813) are housed in
Paris,
London,
Seville, and
Madrid. The Mobile Genealogical Society Library and Media Center is located at the Holy Family Catholic Church and School complex and features written and published materials for use in genealogical research. The
Mobile Public Library system serves Mobile and consists of eight branches across Mobile County, featuring its own large local history and genealogy division housed in a facility next to the newly restored and enlarged Ben May Main Library on Government Street. The Saint Ignatius Archives, Museum and Theological Research Library contains primary sources, artifacts, documents, photographs and publications that pertain to the history of Saint Ignatius Church and School, the Catholic history of the city, and the history of the
Roman Catholic Church.
Entertainment and arts
The
Mobile Museum of Art features European, Non-Western, American, and Decorative Arts collections. The
Mobile Civic Center contains three facilities under one roof. The building has an arena, a theater and an exposition hall. It is the primary concert venue for the city and hosts a wide variety of events. It is home to the
Mobile Opera and the Mobile Ballet. A wide variety of events are held at Mobile's Arthur C. Outlaw Convention Center. It contains a exhibit hall, a grand ballroom, and sixteen meeting rooms.
Tourism
Museums
Mobile is home to a variety of museums.
Battleship Memorial Park is a military park on the shore of Mobile Bay and features the
World War II era
battleship USS Alabama (BB-60), the World War II era
submarine USS Drum (SS-228),
Korean War and
Vietnam War Memorials, and a variety of historical military equipment. The
Museum of Mobile chronicles 300 years of Mobile history and material culture and is housed in the historic
Old City Hall (1857). The
Oakleigh Historic Complex features three house museums that interpret the lives of people from three levels of Mobile society in the mid-19th century. The
Mobile Carnival Museum, which houses the city's
Mardi Gras history and memorabilia, documents the variety of floats, costumes, and displays seen during the history of the festival season. The
Bragg-Mitchell Mansion (1855), Richards
DAR House (1860), and the
Conde-Charlotte House (1822) are historic
antebellum house museums.
Fort Morgan,
Fort Gaines, and
Historic Blakeley State Park figure into local
American Civil War history. The Mobile Medical Museum is housed in the historic Vincent-Doan House (1827) and features artifacts and resources that chronicle the history of medicine in Mobile. The Phoenix Fire Museum is located in the restored Phoenix Volunteer Fire Company Number 6 building and features the history of fire companies in Mobile from their organization in 1838. The Mobile Police Department Museum features exhibits that chronicle the history of law enforcement in Mobile. The
Gulf Coast Exploreum is a non-profit science center located in downtown. It features permanent and traveling exhibits, an
IMAX dome theater, a digital 3D virtual theater, and a hands-on chemistry laboratory. The
Dauphin Island Sea Lab is located south of the city near the mouth of
Mobile Bay. It houses the Estuarium, an aquarium which illustrates the four habitats of the
Mobile Bay ecosystem: the
river delta,
bay,
barrier islands and
Gulf of Mexico.
Parks and other attractions
The
Mobile Botanical Gardens feature a variety of flora spread over . It contains the Millie McConnell
Rhododendron Garden with 1,000 evergreen and native azaleas and the
Longleaf Pine Habitat. The
Bellingrath Gardens and Home are located on
Fowl River and contain of landscaped gardens and a mansion dating to the 1930s. The 5 Rivers Delta Resource Center is a new facility for exploring the Mobile, Spanish, Tensaw, Appalachee, and Blakeley River delta.
Mobile has more than 45 public parks with some that are of special interest.
Bienville Square is a historic park dating to 1850 in the Lower Dauphin Street Historic District and is named for Mobile’s founder, Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville. This park was once a principle gathering place for the citizens of the city and remains popular today.
Cathedral Square is a performing arts park in the Lower Dauphin Street Historic District overlooking the
Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception.
Fort Condé is a reconstruction of the original Fort Condé, built on the old fort's footprint. It is the city’s official welcome center and living history museum. Spanish Plaza is a downtown park that honors the Spanish occupation of the city between 1780 and 1813. It features the "Arches of Friendship", a fountain presented to Mobile by the city of
Málaga,
Spain.
Langan Park is a municipal park that features lakes and natural spaces.
Mobile has a number of historic structures spread throughout the city. Some of Mobile's historic churches include
Christ Church Cathedral, the
Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception,
Government Street Presbyterian Church, and
Trinity Episcopal Church. Two historic
Roman Catholic convents survive, the
Convent and Academy of the Visitation and the
Convent of Mercy. The
Stone Street Baptist Church is a historic African American church that was established in the 1840's.
Barton Academy is a historic Greek Revival school building and local landmark on Government Street. The
Bishop Portier House and the
Carlen House are two of the many surviving examples of
Creole cottages in the city. The
Mobile City Hospital and the
United States Marine Hospital are both restored
Greek Revival hospital buildings that predate the Civil War. The
Washington Firehouse No. 5 is a Greek Revival
fire station, built in 1851. The
Hunter House is an example of the
Italianate style and was built by a successful 19th century African American businesswoman. The
Shepard House is a good example of the
Queen Anne style. The
Scottish Rite Temple is the only surviving example of
Egyptian Revival architecture in the city.
The city has several historic cemeteries that were established after the colonial era. They replaced Mobile's colonial
Campo Santo, of which no traces remain. The
Church Street Graveyard contains above-ground tombs and monuments spread over and was founded in 1819, during the height of the yellow fever epidemics. The nearby
Magnolia Cemetery was established in 1836 and was Mobile's primary burial site during the 19th century with approximately 80,000 burials. It features tombs and many intricately carved monuments and statues. The
Old Catholic Cemetery was established in 1848 by the
Archdiocese of Mobile and covers more than . It contains plots for the
Brothers of the Sacred Heart,
Little Sisters of the Poor,
Sisters of Charity, and
Sisters of Mercy, in addition to many other historically significant burials. Mobile's
Jewish community dates back to the 1820s and the city has two historic Jewish cemeteries,
Ahavas Chesed Cemetery and
Sha'arai Shomayim Cemetery.
Demographics
The 2000 census determined that there were 198,915 people residing within the city limits. The racial makeup of the city was 48.2%
White, 47.9%
Black or
African American, 0.2%
Native American, 1.8%
Asian, 0.3%
Pacific Islander, 0.5% from
other races, 0.9% from two or more races, and 1.2% of the population were
Latino. The mayor is elected
at-large and the council members are elected from each of the seven city council districts. A
supermajority of five votes is required to conduct council business. This form of city government was chosen by the voters after the previous form of government, which used three city commissioners who were elected at-large, was ruled to substantially dilute the African American vote in the 1975 case
Bolden v. City of Mobile. Municipal elections are held every four years.
The current mayor,
Sam Jones, was elected in September of 2005 and is the first African American mayor of Mobile. As of January 2006, the city council is composed of Fredrick Richardson, Jr. from District 1, William Carroll from District 2, Clinton Johnson from District 3, John C. Williams from District 4, Reggie Copeland, Sr. from District 5, Connie Hudson from District 6, and Gina Gregory from District 7. Reggie Copeland, Sr. is currently serving as Council President with Fredrick Richardson, Jr. serving as Council Vice President.
In January of 2008, the city hired EDSA, an
urban design firm, to create a new comprehensive master plan for the downtown area and surrounding neighborhoods. The planning area is bordered on the east by the Mobile River, to the south by Interstate 10 and Duval Street, to the west by Houston Street and to the north by Three Mile Creek and the neighborhoods north of Martin Luther King Avenue.
State
Mobile is represented in the
Alabama Legislature by three
senators and nine
representatives. Mobile is represented in the
Alabama Senate by
Democrat Vivian Davis Figures from the 33rd district, by
Republican Rusty Glover from the 34th district, and by Republican
Ben Brooks from the 35th district. Mobile is represented in the
Alabama House of Representatives by Democrat Yvonne Kennedy from the 97th district, Democrat James O. Gordon from the 98th district, Democrat James Buskey from the 99th district, Republican Victor Gaston from the 100th district, Republican Jamie Ison from the 101st district, Republican Chad Fincher from the 102nd district, Democrat Joseph C. Mitchell from the 103rd district, Republican Jim Barton from the 104th district, and Republican Spencer Collier from the 105th district.
Education
Primary and secondary
Public facilities
Public schools in Mobile are operated by the
Mobile County Public School System. The Mobile County Public School System has an enrollment of over 65,000 students, employs approximately 8,500 public school employees, and had a budget in 2005-2006 of $617,162,616. The State of Alabama operates the
Alabama School of Mathematics and Science on Dauphin Street in Mobile, which boards advanced Alabama high school students. It was founded in 1989 to identify, challenge, and educate future leaders.
Private facilities
Mobile also has a large number of private schools, most of them being
parochial in nature. Many of these belong to the
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Mobile. The private Catholic institutions include
McGill-Toolen Catholic High School (1896), Corpus Christi School, Little Flower Catholic School (1934), Most Pure Heart of Mary Catholic School (1900), Saint Dominic School (1961), Saint Ignatius School (1952), Saint Mary Catholic School (1867), Saint Pius X Catholic School (1957), and Saint Vincent DePaul Catholic School (1976). The private Protestant institutions include St. Paul's Episcopal School (1947), Mobile Christian School (1961), St. Lukes Episcopal School (1961),
Faith Academy (1967), and the Cottage Hill Baptist School System (1970), which operates Cottage Hill Baptist School and Cottage Hill Christian Academy.
The
University of South Alabama is a public,
doctoral-level university established in 1963. The university is composed of the College of Arts and Sciences, the Mitchell College of Business, the College of Education, the College of Engineering, the College of Medicine, the Doctor of Pharmacy Program, the College of Nursing, the School of Computer and Information Sciences, and the School of Continuing Education and Special Programs.
Spring Hill College, chartered in 1830, was the first Catholic college in the southeastern U.S. and is the third oldest
Jesuit college in the country. This four-year private college offers graduate programs in Business Administration, Education, Liberal Arts, Nursing (MSN), and Theological Studies. Undergraduate divisions and programs include the Division of Business, the Communications/Arts Division, International Studies, Interdivisional Studies, the Language and Literature Division, Nursing (BSN), Philosophy and Theology, Political Science, the Sciences Division, the Social Sciences Division, and the Teacher Education Division.
The
University of Mobile is a four-year private Baptist-affiliated university that was founded in 1961. It consists of the College of Arts and Sciences, School of Business, School of Christian Studies, School of Education, the School of Leadership Development, and the School of Nursing.
Faulkner University is a four-year private Church of Christ-affiliated university based in
Montgomery, Alabama. The Mobile campus was established in 1975 and offers bachelor's degrees in Business Administration,
Management of Human Resources, and Criminal Justice. It also offers associate degrees in Business Administration, Business Information Systems, Computer & Information Science, Criminal Justice, Informatics, Legal Studies, Arts, and Science.
Bishop State Community College, founded in 1927, is a two-year public institution with four campuses in Mobile and offers a wide array of associate degrees.
Healthcare
Mobile serves the central Gulf Coast as a regional center for medicine. The city is served by over 850 physicians and 175 dentists. There are four major
medical centers within the city limits: Mobile Infirmary Medical Center with 704 beds, Springhill Medical Center with 252 beds, Providence Hospital with 349 beds, and the University of South Alabama Medical Center with 346 beds and a
level I trauma center. Additionally, the University of South Alabama also operates USA Women’s and Children’s Hospital with 219 beds, dedicated exclusively to the care of women and children, and Mobile Infirmary Medical Center operates Infirmary West with 100 acute care beds. The city has a broad array of outpatient surgical centers, emergency clinics, home health care services, assisted-living facilities and
skilled nursing facilities. According to the
U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics, Mobile's unemployment rate is 4.1% as of February 2008.
Expansion
Mobile's
Alabama State Docks is currently undergoing the largest expansion in its history by expanding its container processing and storage facility and increasing container storage at the docks by over 1,000%. As of 2006, the Port of Mobile was the 10th largest by tonnage in the United States. In 2007
German steel manufacturer
ThyssenKrupp announced plans for a $3.7 billion steel mill. The new plant is currently under construction in northern Mobile County. Company officials state that 2,700 permanent jobs will be added to the local economy.
Brookley Complex
The
Brookley Complex, also known as the Mobile Downtown Airport, is an industrial complex and
airport located south of the
central business district of the city. It is currently the largest industrial and transportation complex in the region with over 100 companies, many of which are
aerospace, and 4000 employees on . Brookley includes the largest private employer in Mobile County,
Mobile Aerospace Engineering, a
subsidiary of
Singapore Technologies Engineering. It is served by
American Airlines,
Continental Express,
Delta Air Lines,
Northwest Airlink and
US Airways Express. Five of these are
Class I railroads and include the
Burlington Northern Railroad (BN), the
Canadian National Railway (CNR),
CSX Transportation (CSX), the
Kansas City Southern Railway (KCS), and the
Norfolk Southern Railway (NS).
Road
Two major
interstate highways and a spur converge in Mobile.
Interstate 10 runs northeast to southwest across the city while
Interstate 65 starts in Mobile at Interstate 10 and runs north.
Interstate 165 connects to Interstate 65 north of the city in
Prichard and joins Interstate 10 in downtown Mobile. Mobile is well served by many major highway systems. United States Highways
US 31,
US 43,
US 45,
US 90 and
US 98 radiate from Mobile traveling east, west, and north. Mobile has three routes east across the Mobile River and Mobile Bay into neighboring
Baldwin County, Alabama. Interstate 10 leaves downtown through the
George Wallace Tunnel under the river and then over the bay across the
Jubilee Parkway to
Spanish Fort/
Daphne. US 98 leaves downtown through the
Bankhead Tunnel under the river onto Blakeley Island and then over the bay across the
Battleship Parkway into Spanish Fort, Alabama. US 90 travels over the
Cochrane-Africatown USA Bridge to the north of downtown onto Blakeley Island where it becomes co-routed with US 98. The Wave Transit System also operates the Moda! electric trolley service in downtown Mobile with 22 stops Monday through Saturday. Baylinc is a public transportation bus service provided by the Baldwin Rural Transit System in cooperation with the Wave Transit System that provides service between eastern
Baldwin County and downtown Mobile. Baylinc operates Monday through Friday.
Greyhound Lines provides intercity bus service between Mobile and many locations throughout the United States. Mobile is served by several taxi and limousine services.
Water
The
Port of Mobile has public, deepwater terminals with direct access to 1,500 miles of inland and intracoastal waterways serving the
Great Lakes, the
Ohio and
Tennessee river valleys (via the
Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway), and the
Gulf of Mexico. The Alabama State Port Authority owns and operates the public terminals at the Port of Mobile.
Media
Print
Mobile's
Press-Register is Alabama's oldest active newspaper, dating back to 1813. The paper focuses on
Mobile and
Baldwin counties and the city of Mobile, but also serves southwestern Alabama and southeastern Mississippi. The Mobile area's local magazine is
Mobile Bay Monthly.
Television
Mobile is served locally by four television stations:
WPMI 15 (
NBC),
WKRG 5 (
CBS),
WALA 10 (
FOX), and
WBPG 55 (
CW). The regional area is also served by
WEAR 3 (
ABC) and
WJTC 44, an independent station. They are both based in
Pensacola, Florida. Mobile is included in the Mobile-
Pensacola-
Fort Walton Beach designated market area, as defined by
Nielsen Media Research, and is ranked 61st in the United States for the
2007-
08 television season.
Radio
Twelve
FM radio stations transmit from Mobile:
WBHY-FM, WHIL,
WBLX, WKSJ, WKSJ-HD2,
WRKH,
WRKH-HD2,
WABB, WDLT,
WMXC,
WMXC-HD2, and WQUA. Eight
AM radio stations transmit from Mobile:
WNTM, WBHY, WGOK, WLPR, WIJD, WMOB, WLVV, and WABB. The content ranges from Christian Contemporary to
Hip hop to
Top 40.
Arbitron ranks Mobile's radio market as 93rd in the United States as of autumn 2007.
Sports
.
Mobile is the home of
Ladd-Peebles Stadium. The
football stadium opened in 1948. With a current capacity of 40,646, Ladd-Peebles Stadium is the 4th largest stadium in the state. Ladd-Peebles Stadium has been home to the
Senior Bowl since 1951, featuring the best college seniors in
NCAA football. The
GMAC Bowl has been played since 1999 featuring opponents from the
Mid-American Conference and
Conference USA. Since 1988, Ladd-Peebles Stadium has hosted the Alabama-Mississippi All-Star Classic. The top graduating high school seniors from their respective states compete each June.
The public Mobile Tennis Center includes over 50 courts, all lighted and hard-court.
For golfers, Magnolia Grove, part of the
Robert Trent Jones Golf Trail, has 36 holes. The Falls course was recently named the best par 3 course in America. Since 1999, the
LPGA Tournament of Champions has been played annually at Magnolia Grove. The Crossings course is home of this tournament. Beginning in 2008, the
Bell Micro LPGA Classic will also be held in Mobile. Mobile is also home to the
Azalea Trail Run, which races through historic midtown and downtown Mobile. This 10k run has been an annual event since 1978. The Azalea Trail Run is one of the premier 10k road races in the U.S., attracting runners from all over the world.
Mobile's
Hank Aaron Stadium is the home of the
Mobile BayBears minor league baseball team. As of December 2007, Mobile's University of South Alabama approved a NCAA Football program to be played at Ladd-Peebles Stadium.
International sister cities
Mobile has international links with the following cities:
|
Gaeta, Italy
Ichihara, Japan
Veracruz, Mexico
Gianjin, People's Republic of China
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Bolinao, Philippines
Katowice, Poland
Constanţa, Romania
Košice, Slovakia
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King Shaka, South Africa
Pyongtaek, South Korea
Málaga, Spain
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Further Information
Get more info on 'Mobile Alabama'.
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